Management and the Technology Professional – B302
Decision making with consideration for ethics, codes of conduct, intellectual property and legislation
What are the
most effective methods to:
- Prevent computer theft?
- Prevent cheating on exams?
- Force people to use buses and trains instead of cars?
- Stop people from using knives and guns to kill?
- Prevent prejudice?
- Prevent waste?
- Prevent injustice?
- Prevent greed?
Ethics are
frameworks and
demands.
Ethics evolve through
reflection.
Professional
codes of conduct improve
predictability and
trust for groups and organizations.
Professional
codes of conduct evolve through
reflection.
Ethics encourage a higher standard of actions.
Intellectual property depends on basic
concepts of value.
How would you explain and support your responses to the questions below?
Common legal mechanisms to transfer value:
- Deed (title): a written and signed document that transfers ownership.
- Copyright: protects economic and moral rights for a limited period of time.
- Trademark: distinguishing sign that can be represented in words and/or pictures.
- Patent: provides short term monopoly to inventor in return for making the invention public.
- Licence: explicit or implicit contract between creator/owner and user.
Common open source software license contracts:
- GPL: Copyleft software may not be redistributed with further restrictions, e.g. Linux. (Licence text)
- BSD: Derivative software may use any license, e.g. Apache and FreeBSD. (Licence text)
- Creative Commons: Emphasis on selective attributions, e.g. photos. (Licence text)
What are the common formats of these legal tools?
What are the issues with having these legal tools in digital formats?
Who receives the most benefits from the use of these legal tools?
Several
decision making techniques.
Incrementalism is the
limitation caused by the tendency to select a choice that is only slightly different than a similar decision in the past.
Bounded rationality refers to the condition where
a decision is analyzed assuming people are acting rationally when the reality is that people often have insufficient information and may act emotionally rather than rationally.
Cognitive bias refers to the condition that
decision analysis and decision making is dependent on the knowledge and bias of the decision maker. Often, it is difficult for the decision maker to observe or identify their own cognitive bias. Increased self-awareness and feedback from others improve the ability to compensate for cognitive bias.
Common factors that contribute to cognitive bias:
- framing
- illusion of control
- mental models
- discounting the future
- risk perception
Satisficing decisions
select the first choice that satisfies the decision criteria and requires the least effort.
Satisficing decisions are particularly common in situations when choices are available in a
sequential and
time limited manner.
Are there any decisions that do not involve ethics?
